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Formic acid

  • Formic acid
  • Formic acid
  • Formic acid
  • Formic acid

Formic acid

CAS No.: 64-18-6
Molecular Formula: CH2O2
Molecular Weight: 46.03
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Product Description

Formic acid is a colorless, pungent liquid with strong acidity and reducing properties. It is widely used in leather tanning, textile dyeing, rubber processing, and as a preservative, disinfectant, and chemical intermediate in various industrial applications.


Chemical Properties

PropertyValue
Melting point

8.2-8.4 °C (lit.)

Boiling point

100-101 °C (lit.)

density

1.22 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

vapor density

1.03 (vs air)

vapor pressure

52 mm Hg ( 37 °C)

refractive index

n20/D1.377

FEMA

2487 | FORMIC ACID

Fp

133 °F

storage temp.

2-8°C

solubility

H2O: soluble1g/10 mL, clear, colorless

pka

3.75(at 20℃)

form

Liquid

Specific Gravity

1.216 (20℃/20℃)

color

APHA: ≤15

PH

3.47(1 mM solution);2.91(10 mM solution);2.38(100 mM solution);

Odor

at 0.10 % in water. pungent vinegar formyl

Odor Type

acetic

explosive limit

12-38%(V)

Water Solubility

MISCIBLE

Sensitive

Hygroscopic

λmax

λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.03λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.01

Merck

14,4241

JECFA Number

79

BRN

1209246

Henry's Law Constant

At 25 °C: 95.2, 75.1, 39.3, 10.7, and 3.17 at pH values of 1.35, 3.09, 4.05, 4.99, and 6.21, respectively (Hakuta et al., 1977)

Dielectric constant

58.0（16℃）

Exposure limits

TLV-TWA 5 ppm (～9 mg/m3) (ACGIH, MSHA, OSHA, and NIOSH); IDLH 100 ppm (180 mg/m3) (NIOSH).

Stability:

Stable. Substances to be avoided include strong bases, strong oxidizing agents and powdered metals, furfuryl alcohol. Combustible. Hygroscopic. Pressure may build up in tightly closed bottles, so bottles should be opened carefully and vented periodically.

InChIKey

BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N

LogP

-0.540

CAS DataBase Reference

64-18-6(CAS DataBase Reference)

NIST Chemistry Reference

Formic acid(64-18-6)

EPA Substance Registry System

Formic acid (64-18-6)


Safety Information

PropertyValue
Hazard symbolsT, C, Xi
Hazard class codes23/24/25-34-40-43-35-36/38-10
Safety descriptions36/37-45-26-23-36/37/39
UN dangerous goods number (1)UN 1779 8/PG II (FORMIC ACID with more than 85% acid by mass)
UN dangerous goods number (2)UN 3412 8/PG II (FORMIC ACID with not less than 10% but not more than 85% acid by mass)
Occupational exposure classB
Occupational exposure limitTWA: 5 ppm (9 mg/m³)
WGK Germany2
RTECS numberLP8925000
F10
Autoignition temperature1004 °F
TSCATSCA listed
Hazard class8
Packing groupII
HS code29151100
Storage class3 - Flammable liquids
Hazard class (category)Acute toxicity, Category 3, Inhalation
Acute toxicity, Category 4, Oral
Serious eye damage, Category 1
Flammable liquid, Category 3
Skin corrosion, Category 1A
Hazardous substances data64-18-6 (Hazardous Substances Data)
ToxicityLD50 in mice (mg/kg): 1100 orally; 145 i.v. (Malorny)
Immediately dangerous to life or health concentration30 ppm


Product Usage

Formic acid is the simplest carboxylic acid and has important applications across multiple industrial fields. In the leather and textile industries, it is used as a tanning agent, neutralizing agent, and dyeing auxiliary, helping to adjust pH and improve dye adhesion. In the rubber industry, formic acid can be used for latex coagulation. In agriculture, it is added to silage as a preservative to inhibit mold and bacterial growth, extending the storage life of animal feed. In the pharmaceutical and chemical industries, it is an important intermediate for synthesizing sulfa drugs, formates, and formate esters. Additionally, formic acid is used for metal surface cleaning, rust removal, and as a component of environmentally friendly deicing agents.

Factory Showcase

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Shipping and Transportation

Delivery Time

Inventory 2-3 working days New manufacturing 7-10 working days

Mode of Transportation
1. By Air, fast but expensive.
2. By Sea, usual and economy.
3. By Train, suit for middle Asia countries.
4. By Express, suit for small package.
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FAQ

Q1: What international standards do your products and services comply with?

A1: Our products fully comply with international standards such as REACH, MSDS, and COA, and we strictly implement the ISO9001 quality management system. We can also provide third-party testing reports (SGS, BV, etc.) according to customer needs.


Q2: How long does it take for goods to be delivered to my country?
A2: The delivery time depends on the transport mode and destination country. Generally, sea transport takes 15-30 days, air transport takes 3-7 days, and we will optimize the transport route to shorten the delivery time as much as possible.


Q3: Can you provide customs clearance services for dangerous chemicals?
A3: Yes. Our team is proficient in the customs clearance procedures for dangerous chemicals in various countries, and can provide professional compliant declaration and customs clearance services to ensure smooth customs clearance.


Q4: Do you provide customized product and service solutions?
A4: Yes. We can provide personalized product customization and export service solutions according to your specific needs (product specifications, application scenarios, procurement volume, etc.).

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